Article Impact Level: HIGH Data Quality: STRONG Summary of Clinical Cardiology, 46(11), 1353–1370. https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.24118 Dr. Fang Li et al.
Points
- The study aimed to explore dietary patterns’ impact on mortality in hypertensive patients using NHANES data.
- The high adherence to AHEI-2010 and MED diets is associated with reduced risks of all-cause and CVD-specific mortality.
- The findings were based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses with HRs and 95% CIs.
- Subgroup analyses revealed variations in the relationships between dietary patterns and mortality risks.
- Results provide valuable insights for developing dietary guidance tailored to hypertensive patients.
Summary
The study investigated the associations between various dietary patterns and all-cause/cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mortality in hypertensive (HTN) patients to provide dietary guidance to improve prognosis. Utilizing data from 27,618 HTN patients extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, the retrospective cohort study employed univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to explore the relationships between Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean (MED) diet and mortality risks. The median follow-up time was 83 months, during which 3462 patients died from all causes and 1064 from CVD.
The findings revealed that high adherence to AHEI-2010 and MED diets was associated with reduced risks of both all-cause and CVD-specific mortality after adjusting for covariates. Specifically, high adherence to AHEI-2010 was linked to a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.84 for all-cause mortality and 0.72 for CVD-specific mortality, while high adherence to the MED diet showed HRs of 0.84 for all-cause mortality and 0.77 for CVD-specific mortality. Furthermore, subgroup analyses based on age, gender, body mass index, and comorbidity demonstrated variations in the relationships between different dietary patterns and mortality risks, particularly in patients aged 65 years or older, those with normal/overweight status, and those without complications.
In summary, the study’s comprehensive analysis of dietary patterns and mortality risks in HTN patients revealed that high adherence to AHEI-2010 and MED diets may be associated with decreased risks of all-cause and CVD-specific mortality. These findings underscore the potential of specific dietary patterns in improving the prognosis for HTN patients and provide valuable insights for developing dietary guidance tailored to this patient population.
Link to the article: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/clc.24118
References Li, F., Zhang, Y., Pan, L., & Chen, H. (2023). Effects of dietary patterns on the all‐cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in patients with hypertension: A cohort study based on the NHANES database. Clinical Cardiology, 46(11), 1353–1370. https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.24118
